A central reason for conducting a functional behavior assessment is to obtain information about when and where the challenging behavior is occurring in order to determine why the behavior occurs. FBAs include indirect, as well as direct methods of data collection. The analysis of the information collected is essential and often requires professional training.

IRIS FBA MODULE

By understanding relationships between the environment and the challenging behaviors, the assumption is that we can develop plans of behavioral support. Behavior plans based on an FBA will be more effective and efficient, and will produce broader change in the lifestyle of the individual with problem behaviors (O'Neill et al, 1997).

1. Observable and measurable, operationally-defined behaviors of concern

2. Identification of events and situations which predict when the target behavior will and will not occur.

3. Identification of what functions the behaviors appear to serve and replacement behaviors

All assessments and behavior plans require consent from the parent/guardian. Behavior analysts must also strive to obtain assent from clients, whenever possible. Assent is defined as “an act of agreeing to something especially after thoughtful consideration”, even if the individual does not have the legal or mental capacity to provide consent.

FBAs involve indirect assessments such as record reviews, interviews, and questionnaires. Multiple sources should be secured. More than one assessment tool or record should be reviewed to help paint a well-rounded picture of the individuals’ needs and/or past.

Collection of direct observation data that supports the summary statements that have been developed. FBAs generally include a detailed observation (or multiple observations) of the client. Whenever possible, analysts also include social or peer observations.

Recall, the purpose of an FBA is to obtain information, understand when and where a behavior occurs, to determine WHY the behavior is occurring. Summary statements are where analysts reveal their …analysis of the information collected.

Behavior analysts —and therefore Functional Behavior Assessments must recommend interventions, which are rooted in the research. Evidenced based procedures are those that appear in peer-reviewed research articles and/or publications.

Interventions and incentives that are selected for inclusion in the FBA or Behavior Intervention Plan (BIP) must be directly connected to the function(s) of the behavior.

Positive procedures and reinforcement systems must be identified for inclusion in behavior plans before any punishment, or response cost procedures can be explored.

Before any Behavior Intervention Plan (BIP) can be developed, or implemented, parents/guardians must be involved and provide written consent for all procedures selected.

Behavior Intervention Plans (BIPs) must be considered living documents. They must be revised and updated on an ongoing basis.

SAMPLE FBA

FBA CHECKLIST